Hookworms penetrate the skin in a unique and harmful way. Here's how it happens, in simple steps:
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Eggs in feces: Infected people pass hookworm eggs in their feces. If the feces end up in soil (due to poor sanitation), the eggs hatch into larvae.
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Larvae in soil: The larvae live in warm, moist soil and become infective in about 5–10 days.
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Skin contact: When a person walks barefoot on contaminated soil, the larvae can come into contact with their skin.
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Skin penetration: The larvae use special enzymes and their tiny teeth to break through the skin—usually through the feet.
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Travel through the body: After entering, the larvae move through the bloodstream to the lungs, then are coughed up and swallowed, reaching the small intestine.
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Mature in the intestines: In the intestines, they grow into adult hookworms, attach to the intestinal wall, and feed on blood—causing symptoms like anemia and fatigue.
Prevention: Wearing shoes, using proper toilets, and avoiding contact with contaminated soil helps stop the spread.
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