| Organelle/cell component | Function(s) | Your analogy? | Found in…? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | Membrane-bound; Storage/protection of DNA; site of DNA replication & RNA transcription | “Control center” of the cell (like big boss/where instructions are given) | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Ribosome | Protein synthesis machinery | “Factory” or “worker” that makes proteins | All cells: prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Membrane-bound; SER: lipid production/storage; calcium storage. RER: protein synthesis location | “Factory hallway” that moves and helps build proteins/lipids | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Mitochondria | Membrane-bound; ATP production | “Powerhouse” of the cell | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Golgi apparatus | Membrane-bound; Protein sorting/packaging and modification | “Post office” or “packaging center” | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Vacuole | Membrane-bound; Storage; transportation; maintain cell homeostasis | “Storage closet” or “warehouse” | Eukaryotes: plants (large central vacuole), animals (small vacuoles), fungi |
| Flagella | Movement for some single-celled organisms | “Tail” or “motor” that helps cell swim | Some prokaryotes and some eukaryotes (e.g., sperm cells) |
| Chloroplast | Membrane-bound; Site of photosynthesis | “Solar panels” of the cell | Eukaryotes: plants and some protists |
| Organelle/cell component | Function(s) | Your analogy? | Found in…? |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nucleus | Membrane-bound; Storage/protection of DNA; site of DNA replication & RNA transcription | “Control center” of the cell (like big boss/where instructions are given) | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Ribosome | Protein synthesis machinery | “Factory” or “worker” that makes proteins | All cells: prokaryotes and eukaryotes |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Membrane-bound; SER: lipid production/storage; calcium storage. RER: protein synthesis location | “Factory hallway” that moves and helps build proteins/lipids | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Mitochondria | Membrane-bound; ATP production | “Powerhouse” of the cell | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Golgi apparatus | Membrane-bound; Protein sorting/packaging and modification | “Post office” or “packaging center” | Eukaryotes: plants, animals, fungi |
| Vacuole | Membrane-bound; Storage; transportation; maintain cell homeostasis | “Storage closet” or “warehouse” | Eukaryotes: plants (large central vacuole), animals (small vacuoles), fungi |
| Flagella | Movement for some single-celled organisms | “Tail” or “motor” that helps cell swim | Some prokaryotes and some eukaryotes (e.g., sperm cells) |
| Chloroplast | Membrane-bound; Site of photosynthesis | “Solar panels” of the cell | Eukaryotes: plants and some protists |
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